Each farm has to apply for certification, which is granted by independent, third-party agencies such as Quality Assurance International. The farmer must submit an Organic Farm Plan that lays out how the transition will take place and how the site will be managed under organic practices. A Field History is also required, showing how the land was used in the past. Certifiers verify farmers' organic practices through testing, site inspections and meticulous review of farm records.

Not really, but it takes time and a lot of paperwork. The certifier essentially confirms that all the elements that make an organic farm organic are in place: no chemical pesticides, herbicides or fertilizers on the land; no genetically modified crops or feed; no antibiotics or hormones given to the animals; humane veterinary care, housing and pasturing; and many other points.

They're bound to follow the USDA Organic Rule. Many certifying agencies predate the 2002 implementation of the organic seal, and many certifiers helped write the rules, so they're as picky about them as Horizon Organic is. A certifier that approves questionable practices can lose its own certification.

Our farm support reps work closely with transitioning farmers as they source organic feed, switch to crop farming methods without chemicals and learn new animal management techniques. All farmers who sell milk to Horizon Organic submit to regular paperwork reviews and stringent milk quality testing. Third-party certifiers also make regular site visits to all organic farms, ensuring that farmers are in compliance with the organic rules, including new updates.